電瓶線樁帽接觸不良現象、接觸面積空氣氧化
Poor contact phenomenon of battery cable pile cap and air oxidation of contact area
在這樣的情況下，溫控開關CPU和儀器的毀壞概率大幅提高，跟家中應用的家用電器基本原理同樣，假如保險絲盒接觸不良現象或者電源開關觸碰不太好，電燈泡一直亮暗轉變就非常容易把電燈泡燒毀。挖機上的家用電器系統軟件跟家中的家用電器一樣大道理，因此平常一定要留意蓄電池樁帽觸碰是不是牢固。
In such a situation, the probability of damage to the temperature control switch CPU and instrument significantly increases, similar to the basic principle of household appliances used at home. If the fuse box has poor contact or the power switch does not touch well, the light bulb is very easy to burn out if it keeps turning bright or dark. The household electrical system software on the excavator is just as important as household appliances at home, so it is important to pay attention to whether the battery pile cap is firmly touched.
電瓶線接錯
Wrong battery cable connection
這也是很嚴重的過失，毀壞率巨大，輕則燒融電纜線，重則燒毀溫控開關儀表盤的電路和CPU等，有一些挖掘機路線上串有二極管，開關電源正負接反得話，基本上這種二極管也會被燒毀，熔斷絲毫無疑問也無法避免。
This is also a serious mistake, with a huge damage rate. It can range from burning out cables to burning out the circuits and CPUs of the temperature control switch instrument panel. Some excavators have diodes connected in series on their routes, and if the positive and negative connections of the switch power supply are reversed, these diodes will also be burned out, and the fuse cannot be avoided without a doubt.
挖掘機溫控開關或儀表盤滲水
Water seepage from excavator temperature control switch or instrument panel
這種情況很普遍，毀滅性也巨大，尤其是溫控開關通電時內部結構滲水，通常會把內部結構線路板銅泊所有損壞并空氣氧化沒法修補，也有一種狀況是溫控開關電線插頭束滲水，會導致的常見故障是溫控開關的針插空氣氧化，狀況是針插與線路板的電焊焊接點接觸不良現象。
This situation is very common and devastating, especially when the temperature control switch is powered on, the internal structure of the circuit board usually leaks water, which usually damages all the copper bars of the internal structure and cannot be repaired by air oxidation. There is also a situation where the temperature control switch wire plug bundle leaks water, which can lead to a common problem of air oxidation of the needle insertion of the temperature control switch. The situation is poor contact between the needle insertion and the welding point of the circuit board.
冬天挖掘機運行艱難時，加接蓄電池36伏開關電源開啟設備
When the excavator is running hard in winter, add a 36V switch power supply to the battery to turn on the equipment
這類操作步驟在老挖機里常常應用，假如在較新型有溫控開關操縱的設備上實際操作就會有很有可能出問題，非常容易燒總開關電源汽車繼電器和安全繼電器，當這兩個繼電器燒毀導致內部結構電磁線圈短路故障得話，挖機里的的溫控開關和儀表盤也跟隨要燒毀了。
This type of operation step is often used in old excavators. If it is actually operated on newer equipment with temperature control switches, there is a high possibility of problems, which can easily cause the main switch power supply, car relay, and safety relay to burn. When these two relays burn out, causing a short circuit fault in the internal structure electromagnetic coil, the temperature control switch and instrument panel in the excavator will also burn out.
油門踏板電機常見故障或異常實際操作
Common faults or abnormal operation of accelerator pedal motor
挖掘機應用的油門踏板電機有直流無刷電機和伺服電機，假如電動機超溫短路故障極為非常容易把溫控開關油門踏板控制回路一部分燒毀，這也是必然的常見故障，平常多留意讓挖掘機的油門踏板電機總程維持整潔清理，常見故障概率則會降低。
The accelerator pedal motor used in excavators includes a DC brushless motor and a servo motor. If the motor is overheated and short circuited, it is very easy to burn out a part of the temperature control switch accelerator pedal control circuit, which is also a common fault. Usually, pay more attention to keeping the accelerator pedal motor of excavators clean and tidy, and the probability of common faults will be reduced.
在挖掘機開了開關電源的情況下，挖掘機的油門踏板電機曲軸是拉不出來的，假如硬要用勁去挪動油門踏板操縱桿，就很有可能會把挖掘機的溫控開關燒毀。
When the excavator is powered on, the crankshaft of the accelerator pedal motor cannot be pulled out. If you forcefully move the accelerator pedal control lever, it is very likely to burn out the excavator's temperature control switch.
檢修老師傅操作失誤
Maintenance teacher Fu's operation error
很多修理挖掘機的師傅由于不明白電源電路，當質疑某一電子零件工作中異常時，便會想起用短路故障法檢測路線是不是一切正常，這類路線短路故障操作步驟是電路維修之中更不建議選用，危害性十分大。
Many excavator repair technicians, due to their lack of understanding of the power circuit, may recall using the short-circuit fault method to check if everything is normal when questioning the abnormal operation of an electronic component. This type of short-circuit fault operation procedure is the least recommended and highly hazardous option in circuit maintenance.
常見故障清查方式及儀器設備
Common troubleshooting methods and instruments and equipment
假如挖機電腦版本早已壞掉，維修的情況下大家就更要防止二次傷害，下邊我介紹一下相關挖機電腦上內部結構維修常見問題和常見儀表盤,了解了他們對維修電腦有較大的協助。
If the computer version of the excavator has already broken down, it is even more important to prevent secondary injuries during maintenance. Below, I will introduce common problems with internal structure maintenance and common instrument panels on the excavator computer, and understand how they can greatly assist in repairing the computer.
防靜電手套
Antistatic gloves
日常生活中每一個人的身上時時刻刻都具有著靜電感應，達到上KV，在測試電腦時維修人員常常感覺常見故障沒找著反倒越修越糟，事實上在你檢測時，的身上帶的靜電感應是已根據測試用例傳入了較為弱的微解決和儲存器電源電路上，導致了的毀壞。如果有防靜電手套，一端戴在手里，另一接在電腦上的搭鐵端，就可的避免該類安全事故。
In daily life, everyone has electrostatic induction at all times, reaching KV. When testing a computer, maintenance personnel often feel that common faults are not found and are getting worse. In fact, when you test, the electrostatic induction carried by your body has been transmitted to weaker micro solutions and memory power circuits according to test cases, resulting in permanent damage. If you have anti-static gloves, wearing one end in your hand and connecting the other end to the grounding terminal on the computer can effectively avoid such safety accidents.
數字萬用表
Digital multimeter
電腦上中許多的電源電路都用過弱的電流量根據，假如用內電阻小或指南針電流表精確測量，表內電磁線圈的方向工作電壓很有可能毀壞電腦上，因此運用內電阻超過10千歐的數字表精確測量電源電路。
Many power circuits on computers use weak current levels. If a small internal resistance or compass ammeter is used for precise measurement, the working voltage of the electromagnetic coil in the direction of the meter is likely to damage the computer. Therefore, a digital meter with an internal resistance exceeding 10 kiloohms is used to accurately measure the power circuit.
大電流量多通道
High power flow multi-channel
許多維修人員都是有穩壓管電流計，但輸出電流量較小，一般都是在2安下列，對一般的運用可以，但針對電腦上中的油門踏板電動機和真空電磁閥的檢測卻束手無策。如果有一臺15安多通道可調穩壓電源就可很便捷對電腦上內部結構各部位開展動態性檢測，便會感覺愈來愈便捷，還能夠用此開關電源對挖機上大部分的電子設備開展檢測。
Many maintenance personnel have voltage stabilizing tube ammeters, but the output current is relatively small, usually below 2 amperes, which is suitable for general applications. However, they are helpless in detecting the accelerator pedal motor and vacuum solenoid valve in computers. If there is a 15 amp multi-channel adjustable power supply, it is very convenient to conduct dynamic testing on various parts of the internal structure of the computer, which will feel more and more convenient. It can also be used to test most electronic devices on the excavator using this switching power supply.
數字示波器
digital oscilloscope
檢修中大家常常碰到通信異常、實際操作姿勢不合格的電腦上，而數字示波器維修電腦更便捷更有效的儀器設備，要用數字示波器看一下儲存器中是否有程序流程的存有，隨后再做別的檢測，更終評定在配電開關電源一切正常的情形下，要是沒有程序流程存有或微處理器工作中顯著異常，該溫控開關毫無疑問有大范圍的處理芯片毀壞。假如維修人員無需數字示波器就難以查出來常見故障。
During maintenance, people often encounter abnormal communication and substandard actual operating posture on computers. The most convenient and effective instrument for repairing computers with a digital oscilloscope is to first use a digital oscilloscope to check if there is any program flow stored in the memory, and then conduct other tests. Finally, it is evaluated that in the case of normal distribution switch power supply, if there is no program flow stored or significant abnormality in the operation of the microprocessor, There is no doubt that the temperature control switch has suffered extensive damage to the processing chips. If maintenance personnel do not need a digital oscilloscope, it is difficult to detect common faults.
挖機電腦上測試臺
Test bench on excavator computer
挖機電腦上測試臺價錢很高，一般是依據不一樣的挖機自做檢查儀，只需將挖機電腦上與該儀器設備連接，就同在車內一樣檢測油門踏板部位，泵操縱是不是一切正常，各種感應器安全通道是不是一切正常，與數字示波器相互配合會迅速查出來常見故障點。
The price of the testing bench on the excavator computer is very high, usually based on a different excavator self inspection instrument. Simply connect the excavator computer to the instrument and equipment, just like in the car, detect the accelerator pedal position, pump operation is normal, and various sensor safety channels are normal. Working together with a digital oscilloscope will quickly identify common fault points.
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